| GPU family and memory | Match VRAM, supported precision and framework requirements. Examples include L4 24 GB, L40S 48 GB and RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell Server Edition 96 GB. A100/H100 variants differ; H200, HGX B200 and HGX B300 need exact platform and SKU identification. Capacity alone does not establish application performance. |
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| CPU and host memory | Size CPU cores and RAM for preprocessing, data-loader workers, concurrent jobs and the intended application. Review CPU-to-GPU affinity and PCIe lane allocation. Host memory is distinct from GPU memory and does not automatically substitute for VRAM without software support and performance implications. |
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| GPU topology and expansion | Choose a single node, multi-GPU server or distributed cluster. Confirm supported PCIe paths, peer access and NVLink/NVSwitch where provided by the platform. Multiple GPUs do not automatically create one memory pool: data parallelism can replicate a model, while tensor, pipeline or fully sharded methods distribute model state or work. HGX is a purpose-built platform, not a standard PCIe-card upgrade. |
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| Storage and data protection | Plan NVMe capacity and sustained throughput for active datasets, temporary files and checkpoints. Account for shared access and data-ingestion patterns. Define backup, archive and recovery separately from local scratch storage; a fast working volume alone does not provide a data-protection strategy. |
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| Networking and shared access | Select network interfaces and switches for storage traffic and any distributed collective communication. Define job allocation, user permissions and remote access. Slurm, containers, MIG or vGPU can be evaluated as scope options, subject to the exact hardware, software release and licensing requirements. These mechanisms have different sharing and isolation properties. |
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| Power, cooling and facilities | Review rack depth, rails, equipment weight, electrical input, circuit capacity, PSU arrangements and airflow before selection. Dense multi-GPU systems may require a data-centre installation or supported liquid cooling. A custom chassis needs a validated mechanical, electrical and thermal design, as well as sufficient expansion slots. |
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